by Markus Hoffmann, Technical Director, I-Tech

Biofouling and the ways of tackling it encompass the full range of environmental challenges that shipping faces.

Not only does it impact carbon emissions, but it also affects the spread of invasive species.

Even the means to combat fouling itself are strictly regulated, given their effects on ecosystems.

At the same time, finding the right coating for a vessel's operational profile is complex yet essential for efficient, cost-effective operations.

It creates a complex puzzle for owners to solve - made all the harder by an altering regulatory environment and a literally changing climate.

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